Ruling and engraving machine



(No Model.)

4 Sweety-Sheet.l l. R. W. BENTLEY. RULING AND ENGRAVVIVNG MAGHIN.

No. 313,648. Patented ManlO, 1885.

N. Pzms. Phew-unnogmplwr, washingmm n. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-SheetV 2. R. W. BENTLEY.

RULING AND ENGRAVING MACHINE.

No. 313,648. Patented Mar. 10, 1885.

N. PEYERs, Phono-Lillmgmprwr. washington, D. C.

' (No Model.) 4 Sheets*Sheet 3.

R. W. BENTLEY. n RULING AND ENGRAVING MACHINE.

No. 313,648. Patented Mar. 10'; '18185.

4 Sheetsf-Sheet 4.

R. W. BENTLEY.

RULING AND BNGRAVINGMACHINB.

(No Model.)

No. 313,648. Patented Mar. 10,1885.4

W* mw l n armar trice.

RICHARD WV. BENTLEY, OF BROOKLYN, NEI/V* YORK.

RULiNG AND ENGRAVING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,648, dated March l0, 1.885.

Application filed Scptemberi?, 1984. (No model l To CLZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, RrcHAnD W. BENTLEY, of Brooklyn, Kings county, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in-Ruling and Engraving Machines, of which the followingis a speciiicatiou.

My improvements apply to the entire class ofnengraving-machines and ruling-machines which are intended to aid engravers and other artists in making great numbers of parallel straight linesv at moderate distances apart.

Usually in making a tint in engraving the distances apart of the lines are very small. My improvements allow them to be exactly uniform, or to be conveniently varied to indicate the shade on curved surfaces, or to grade shades on 4iiat or other surfaces. The old method ot' making the graduations by means of a handle on screw-carrying division-wheel, to be turned by the operator one or more notches against the pressure of a spring underneath, is slow and requires constant and intelligent attention. It is also uncertain, as the division on the wheel into which the operator wishes the spring to fall will often be carried too far, so making an imperfect graduation. By the old method in making lines running from ne into wide spaces it is necessaryT to use a division-wheel divided into twenty-fourths, counting so many notches between each line made, adding a notch to the count for every line made, or every two lines, or three or six lines, Src. The space answering to one ofthe notches is small, but sufiicient to materially impair the work ifa miseount is made or the notch is carried a little too far, which very often happens. Itis almost im possible to correet the mistake, and so the work is spoiled.

My improvements do away with these defects. The spacing is made perfectly without fail. The counting is done away with, all being` accomplished automatically by operati ng a lever. Even spacing or grading spacing can be done with less labor and less time than it formerly took and very much more perfectly. Iapply a lever connected by a link to the reciprocat ing carriage which carries the stylus or 1narking device, and limit its motion by adjustable stops,which allow the stylusto be reci procated to an exactly uniform extent in applying tints or shades Where the same are to stop abruptly diately adjacent parts.

ata line. I apply a friction-brake to aid in gently arresting the motion at the termination of the movement when the lines are ot' vary ingleugth. The lever which operates the carriage engages therewith by means of an extension from the carriage provided with a transverse slot, in which the lever engages.

In what I esteem the most complete form of theiuvention the operations are all performed automatically, and the machine may be driven by power, as by abelt from ashaft driven co1`- tinuously by a steam engine or other motor. A good portion of the benefits of the invention may be realized by working without power.

-To facilitate. the description, I will iirst assume that the power mechanism is disconnected. The machine as thus dismembered will be readily understood by engravers accustomed to working by the .direct application of one hand to one part, and the other to another part, and by acting intelligently at vthe points and periods required.

I will describe the machine as applied to the production of sharp smooth lines in the ground which is applied on copper and other platesfor etching.

y The following is a description of what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention. Y

The accompanying drawings forni a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a plan View showing the parts connected for working by power. Fig. 2 is an elevation of certain portions thereof. Fig. 3 is acrosssectiou of a portion on the line ma:

in Fig. l. lThe remaining figures are on a larger scale. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of certain parts. Fig. 5 is a plan View of the same.

Fig. (i is a plan view showing the fixed framing andsupporting ways at one end of the machine, with some ot' the moving parts.. Many important details are omitted in this figure. Among those omitted are the secondary carriage with the stylus and its imme- Fig. 7 is a section on the line x x in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of certain parts. Fig. 9 is avertical section of the same. Fig. 9 is a central section through a portion detached. Fig. l() is an elevation ot' the back side, the reverse of Fig.V 8. Figs. l1 and l2 show change-wheels which may be substituted for the correspondingly- IOO , and Fig. 18 is a vertical section.

- Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the gures where they occur.

A is the iixed frame-work, certain portions of which will be designated when necessary by additional marks, as A A2. It presents two stiffly-supported horizontal ways A A2, adapted to support the main carriage, which gives a reciprocating motion to the tool. B is such main carriage, certain portions being designated when necessary by additional marks, as B'. lt is equipped with a stout cross or T part, B', having a nicely-finished Vgroove on its under face, adapted to rest on and be guided by the way A.

C is a secondary carriage, mounted on the main carriage B. It is adjusted transversely ,on B by turning ascrew, D. An intermittent turning` of this` screw gives the required stepby-step feed movement to the stylus c, to determine the distance of the lines apart. The

' stylus may be of the ordinary form and presented at the ordinary angle to a plane plate of copper, steel, or other material, M, held by any suitable means at the proper distance below.

The machine isl arranged to produce the mark by the movement ofthe carriage B and its connections to the left. During this period the stylus is down in Contact with the plate M. A partial revolution is given yto the screw D, so as to effect the feed movement of the stylus during the return motion. The raising and lowering of the stylus is effected by the aid of a small lever, C', carried on the ,carriage Gand arranged to be operated by the carriage C,and one finger of that hand op-- erates the lever C. Theleft hand operates a 2 long transverse lever, V, which is arranged parallel to and near the way A2.

to turn horizontally on a pivot, tu, carried in a screw clamp or block, A3, which is secured by the aid of a clip, A4, and thumb-screw A5 in any required position on the Way A2. A block, W', is secured by a pinching-screw in any required position on the lever W. It has on its under face a pin carrying a roller, W2.

. Bz'is a rigid arm extending from the part B A slotted swing-bar, B3, is pivoted loosely to B2, so that it may turn horizontally. Qis an arm orlink pivoted to B3. A portion is thin and elastic, allowingit to be deflected upward and down- Figs. 13, l ward to a considerable extent.

It lies near the Way A.

B4 is a stout arm rigidly bolted to the part B, and constituting a bearer for a short rocking shaft, E, which is provided with a slotted arm, E', extending upward from its front end, and an arm, FE, extending downward from its inner or back end. A yoke, E, fixed on the arm El, is knuckled to the spring-link Q. It will be understood that the link Y has not been yet connected.

The machine is worked by hand. The attendant, moving the lever XV to the right,acts through the roller W2 on the slotted transverse arm or swing-bar B:i and effects two important movements. One is effected through the spring-link Q, which induces a partial turning ofthe shaft E, so that the upright arm E', instead of inclining to the right, inclines to the left. the carriage B and its connections ready to commencey a new line. ports a bracket, B", which forms a suitable bearing for the smooth or unthreaded portion of the screw D. ln a horizontal guideway, B10, is mounted a double rack, F,`equipped with rack-teethf f2. It receives longitudinal mot-ion through a link, F', from a pin, e, carried on a block, e, adjustable on the slotted lever E. The upper set ofrack-teeth, f', are not important at this stage of the description.

On the screw D is loosely mounted a spurgear wheel, D', which lies lwithin the double rack F, and is engaged by the rack-teeth f. With each movement of the slotted lever E the rack F is moved, and the loose-.wheel D is turned in one direction or the other. There is a stout boss or hub firmly fixed on the screw D and equipped with ratchetteeth d2. The amount ot' the feed motion, and consequently the distance apart of the lines engraved, depend on the extent of thelongitudinal movement of the double rack F. This can be varied by increasing or diminishing the amount of the rocking motion of the shaft E, and consequently thesweep of the arm E', by adjusting certain stops,which limit its motion. TWhen the force ofthe hand applied t0 the lever W commences to move it to the left to effect the corresponding movement of the The T- part B sup- The other is the backward movement of I IOO IlO

spring b, causes the shaft E to perform a partial trevolut-ion, carrying the arm E to the right until it strikes astop, bi. Then afurther movement of the hand to the left induces the proper traversing of the carriage B, and the line is engraved. This movement turns the gear-wheel D loosely on the screw D. On the return movement ofA the lever W the movement to the right, the friction, and inertia of the parts, aided by the tension of the spring b, hold the sha-ft E and its connections immovably in the carriage,traversing backward therewith until near the close of the backward motion, then a new force comes into play. y

A6 is a rigid stop fixed in an adjustable pou Il l f sition on the rail A by a screw, Ai. Alever, arm H. The lower end of J is rounded and,

N, provided with a spring, I, to soften its action, is mounted on a stud, b2, on the 'tpieee B. At the termination of the backward motion of the carriage the upper arm of t-his lever, cushioned by its spring N, strikes this stop A and causes a turning of the lever. The lower arm of this lever is connected bya link, N2, to the arm E2. The hand-lever W' must be worked with sufficient force at this juncture to turn the shaft E against the force of the spring b and overcome the resistance due to the inertia and friction of the several parts, and also the tension of the spring B, and turn the arm E to the left, giving a corresponding motion to the double rack li* and turning the wheel D and the screw D, with which it is rigidly connected by the pawls D D7, to effect the required feed motion of the carriage C and its connections. An adjustable stop limits the motion of the arm Il", and consequently the extent ofthe turning of the screw. This requires elaborate description.

B6 is an arc, ot' metal, mounted by means of arms or framing B5 on the extensionearm BL from the carriage B, and traversing with it. Itis concentric with the shaft E, andis toothed, as indicatcdby b, the teeth being properly spaced to make each induce an absolutely equal change in the extent of motion of the screw D. H is an arc or curved piece of metal mounted movably on the are B, attached to `and carrying a radial arm, H, which performs the important function of anadjustable stop to limit the movement of the arm E to the left. It is secured iirnily in the desired posi tion on the are Bfby means of a dog, H2, urged downward and inward by springs H". On raising this dog H2 the arm H, with the entire arc H', may be shifted at will to the right or left, and on allowing the dog to engage be tween the proper teeth the stop is held r11-ml y. A spring, It, is mounted on the arm I-I, and insures a soft and gentle contact ol' the parts. A short stud, H, is provided on the side of H, which stud serves as the direct means oi' receiving the impact of the arm E. The spring is perforated to allow the gentle impact to be received directly. There are some kinds ol" work in which it is desired to change the spacing between the lines engraved at certain determined intervals. I provide mechanism by which, after one or two or any other given small number oi' lines have been engraved at a certain distance apart, the position ot the stop H will be changed, and consequently the distanceof the engraved lilies apart will beincreased automatically.

I is a ratchet-arc mounted on the front face of the arc H', to which it is loosely secured by screws H5, inserted in slots These slots are of sufiicient length to allow a little movement of the are I to the right and left on the arc H. The ratchet-arc I acts in each movement to the left againstatoggle-lever, J which latter is pivoted to the dog H2 at a point7 h, the pivot extending through a slot in the stopadapted to slidel smoothly on the inclined vplane Hf. XVhenever these parts are liberated the tension of the springs H3, depressing the dog H2, forces the toggle-lever J upon the inclined plane HU and causes J to be defiected to the right with sufficient force to move the ratchctarc I lo the right, and the dog H2, then allowed to sink, engages and holds the stop H iirinl y.

K is a lever pivoted at 7c to the arc B6, or, rather, to one o'i' the arms B5 rigidly connecting such arc with the arm B4 on the carriage B. Its lower end carries a slotted adjustable crosspiece, l', secured by a screw, K2. Its upper end carries, bya loose pivot, K3, alever, Kt, one arm ot' which serves as a pawl to engage in the teeth on the peripllery ot' the ratchet-arc I. A spring, K5, urges the upper end ofK to the right. Near the termination ot' each movement ofthe arm E to the right it strikes the cross-piece I, and, acting forcibly thereon, turns the lever K, urging the upper end, and consequently the pawl K, to the left. This, when the .pawl K* is allowed to act, moves the ratchet-arc I to the lel't, and thus slides the toggle-lever J up the incline H and lifts the dog H2. continuing its movement a little farther, it shifts the stop II and its entire train of connections to the left. When the lever E' again swings to the left, it liberates the lever K, which by the force of' its spring K5 is restored to its original position, allowing the ratchetarc I and its connections to move to the right, and consequently the dog H2 to engage in the new notch. The parts being so adjusted that a sufficient movement of the lever K will be induced, the stop H will be shifted one notch or some other' number of notches after each line is engraved, thus correspondingly increasing the width apart of the several lines as they are successively engraved. In general. practice it is desired to shift only one notch at a time, and the parts are so adjusted. Whenever it is desired to throw this mechanism entirely out of use, a hooked swing-arm, K, (shown in Fig. 8,) mounted on the upper edge or back of the pawllever K", can be turned to one side, so as to catch on a pin, l2, set in the upper edge of the are H', and hold the pawl-lever K" permanently out of use. Thus conditioned, the stop H may be shifted into any position desired by raising thedog HL by hand and shifting the stop by force ot' he hand applied in either direction.

It may frequently happen that an automatic increase inthe width of the. spaces between the lines is desired which shall be less rapid than that above provided for. I attain this by making two, three, or other number of lilies uniformly spaced` then automaticallyincreasing the space, and then correspondingly making a number of lines uniformly spaced, and sc on. This is effected by automatically lifting the pan'l li and holding it during two or three or other number of movements, then allowing 1t to act once, and then holding it up Then,

IOO

again during asimilar number of movements-j It is frequently useful to be able to change Figs. 8ft'o 12 show this mechanism.'

O is a slide having a broad or T head, O', presented under one edge ofthe acting end of the pawl K4.

R is a coarsely-notched wheel turning on a stud, B13, mounted on the framing or arm B5, lcarried on the carriage B. A ratchet-wheel, R, is fixed to one face of the wheel R. Its teeth receive a pawl, P2, from a swinging lever, P, which is free to turn on the same center stud, B13, and carries on a rigidly-connected arm, P', adog, P3. This dog is-urged in'to the upright position by a spring, P4, the arm Pis urged into contact with a stop, p, and the pawl l?2 engages with the teeth of the wheel R. A spring, r, fixed on the carriage, holds the wheel R in any position in which it is turned. The coarse notches in the wheel R are adapted to receive the lower end of the slide O when they are presented thereto. The more or less broad spaces on the wheel R between the several notches hold up the slide O when they are presented thereto. A pin, e2, on the inner o'r back face of the arm E sweeps across the point of the hinged dog P3. At each movement ofthe arm E in one direction it engages with P3 and moves the lever P, causing its connections to turn; but this motion is only to a small extent, because the pin e'Z soon slips off the dog Piand the rest of the movementof E produces no effect.

` On the return movement of E the pin e2 moves idly across the hinged dog Pilthe latter swing ing by the yielding of its spring P'L to allow it to pass without effect. These parts are so adj usted that as each line is produced the wheel R turns one notch, correspondingly turning the coarsely-notched wheel R. `W hen the latter presents a notch to receive the slide O, this slide sinks, and after the next line the pawl K4 is allowed to act and shift the stop H one notch. Then the further turning of the wheel R lifts and holds up the slide O, causing' the pawl K* to be held up, and to perform its Vibrations idly during the execution of three or some other number of lines,which are thus uniformly spaced. Then the sinking of the slide O into the next notch allows the pawl to again act and increase the spaces between the lines, and so on.

I provide several differently-toothed wheels It, which by slight labor may be substituted one for another to accommodate different kinds of work.

It is important to preserve the elaborate mechanism just described from being subjected to wear in executing ordinary uniformlyspaeed lines, and yet to vary t-he width of the spaces between vthe lines. I can effect this by Y shiftingV the point of connection of the link F to the slotted arm E. The pin e is mounted in a block, Et, which can be shifted toward and fromthe axis of E. The slot is sufficiently long to allow all the range which is usually required. The block isheld inthe required position by a nut, E5, at the back.

Thus conditioned the carriage O may t-he position of the carriage C on the carriage B to a great extent rapidly. To accommodate this I enga-ge the carriage C with the screw D by means of a nut which is formed in two halves or semi-nuts, L L. These are mounted in parallel ways C2 C2 on the carriage C, and are controlled bylevers TT, which are pivoted on the carriage C at t t, and are connected by links T T to a short interme-v diate lever, T2, which turns on a pivot, t2. One ofthelevers T is extended to form a convenient handle, by acting on which both levers, and consequently the semi-nuts L L, can be moved apart to let go of the screw-threads. be moved by any suliicient force the whole width of the machine, or to any less extent which may be desired. Then by a proper movement of the levers T the seminuts L L are again closed together and engage firmly and reliably with the threads of D. v

S is a spring-catch fixed firmly on the carriage C by means of the pinching-screw S', which stands in a slot and allows it to be shifted considerably to the right or left.

S2 is a set-screw, by turning which, when the screw S is a little slackened, the spring S may be set to the right as little as may be required. This spring holds one, and consequently by the connections both, the levers T in the position of engagement with the screw D.

It is important to preserve the perfection of the threads ot' the screw D and of the seminuts L L and maintain as accurate a condition of centering of the adjustment as possible. It may ha'ppen'from various causes that as the work wears the nut tends to get slightly out of line with the screw to the right or left. YTo correct this, I provide an adjustable connection of one ofthe links T to its corresponding lever T. To effect this on so short a link as T', I extend one of them past its proper lever T, and thence, making an offset forward, extendit back again to the proper lever, making this backward extension by a separate piece, which is slotted. This return-piece T3 is adjustable by shifting it on the connectingscrew Tt. When the semi-nut, operated by the back extension, T3, takes hold sooner and tighter than the other semi-nut, I shift this connection to lengthen this link. If it does not take hold soon enough, I shorten this link. The spring-catch S may require adjustment after each such change in the adjustable link T3.

X2 is a brakeblock mounted on a stout spring, X', carried on a horizontal lever, X, which stands nearly parallel to the lever W and turns on the same pivot w. Its near end is supported by an arm, NV, from the lever W, and is formed to allow it to be easily operated by a linger of the hand which is operating the lever W.

It is frequently desirable to control the action of the lever W very accurately at. and near the termination of some or all of the en- IOO IIO

ISO

graved lines, particularly where there are lines of varying length. In such case the attendant moves the lever V7 boldly until the line is nearly completed, and then, acting on the lever X. urging it toward the lever NV, he applies the friction brakeblock X2 forcibly to the side of the cross-lever or hinged bar B,

land generates afriction, which rapidly extinguishes the momentum of the parts and brings all to rest. My experimentsindicate t hat prac' tice will give great facility in thus operating. It' it happens that the movement is arrested too early, the compression on the lever X is relaxed and tightened intermittently a few times. while a gentle force is applied to the lever NV, and the movement of the lever W', and consequently the engraving of the lilies, is completed by a series of short and diminishing steps.

I will now describe the provisions for working` the lever VVT and its connections by power. This is effected through the adj ustable link or connecting rod Y, which is formed in two parts, slotted and united by bolts Y, as shown, so as to allow a considerable range of adjustment in the link.

Z is an upright shaft equipped with a beveled gearwheel, Z', which receives motion from a corresponding beveled gear-wheel, ZZ, carried on a shaft, Z3, which latter is equipped with fast and loose pulleys Z'L Z, allowingit to be stopped or to be turned uniformly by a belt from a steam-en ine or other suitable power when desired. The belt is controlled by a shipper, Z.

ZT is a suitlciently large horizontal wheel carried on the upper end of the shaft Z, and having one or more radial slots holding an adjustable block carrying a pin, Z, Thelink Y connects with the pin ZS at one end and with a pin, It, mounted on the lever XV, at the other end. The pin ZB, carried around 'by the wheel ZT, communicates theproper motion through the link Y. If it be desired to increase the range of motion of the lever NV, the block, and consequently the pin Z8, is shifted on the wheel ZT.

The attendant can at any moment stop the machine by moving the shipper ZG to shift the belt upon the loose pulley Zi, as will be rcad ily understood.

I provide means for automatically stopping the operation when the engraving has proceeded to a certain point.

Z* is a short lever suspended on the under side of the wheel Z with liberty to drop into the inclined position shown in Fig. l, except as it is held up bythe smooth ring U, carried on a lever, U, which latter turns on a fixed center, u, and ispartially balanced by a weight, U2. A widened portion, Uf, is adapted to re. ceive the rounded end of a lever, V, mounted on a fixed pivot, e. An arm from this lever V extends upward, and isthe medium for receiving the action from the machine when the engraving has progressed to the proper line.

G3 is a horizontal arm extending to an adl justable distance out from the carriage G, controlled by a pinching screw, Ct. This arm is allowed to project to a just suflicient extent, according` to the breadth which is to be engraved. The feed mot-ion ofthe carriage Gis .always toward the operator when running by power. Until the arm C strikes something the work will continue. A l

G is a horizontal lever, adjustable lengthwise` turning on a fixed vertical pivot or pintle, g, carried on the carriage B. The longarm of this lever G is provided with a beveled hook, G. under face, which engages with a springcat'eh, 0*. So long as this lever G remains in the position shown the engraving action of the machine will continue; but so soon as the carriage C, and consequently the stylus c, have traversed to the proper extent the arm Cs will press against the lever G and disengage it from its spring-cateh C5 and leave it free to be turned by its spring G2. rlhis moves its hook G, so that as it is reciprocated by the carriage B it travels in a new path, ready to engage with the lever V. Immediately on the commencement of the return motion of the stylus c the hook G brings the lever V into the upright position, and by the action of the lower end of V upon U* raises the ring U', and consequently the short lever Zii. Vith the lever Z* in this position the rotation brings the latter strongly into contact with a projection, e, from the shipper Z6 and moves the shipper and stops the machine. My experiments indicate that this will occur with certainty before the return movement of the carriage Bis completed.

I will now proceed to describe the function of the set of ratchet-teeth f.

I have heretofore described the horizontal guideway B10 as carried always at a uniform height on t-he carriage B. It is capable of being raised and lowered, guided between uprights Bf.

F2 F are bell-crank levers turning on pivotsff, carried on the carriage B. The lower ends of these levers are connected by a link, F, and are subject to the force of aspring, F5,

having its abutment in a pin, F, carried on the carriage B. The lateral arms of these levers F'Z F3 support the guideway B1". The back face of one lever, I, is recessed, to engage with gentle force on a springarm, B,

, extending down from the carriage B.

F7 FT are spiral springs arranged to Serve between the carriage B and the guideway B1, aiding to partially support the latter.

So long as the parts are in the position represented the lower raek/`2, is effective and the screw D is turned in the direction to feed the tool-carrier from the operator. When the feed is to be in the opposite direction, the attendant disengages the spring F from its pin F6, and, after turning the levers F2 F3 to lower the guideway Bl", shifts the position of the spring F'lso that it extends in a nearlyopposite direction to that shown and engages it on the The short arm has a notch on its So IOO e Y r31st-ia D7, each urged by a spring` into engagement with one of the ratchets cl di. These pawls are controlled by a curved lever, DB, adjustable on thepin D. This lever DB should turn with considerable friction; but it may be ad justed by a forcible action of the thumb or finger, so as to raise the pawl DG out of action and allow the opposite pawl, D7, freedom to play. As shown by the dotted lilies in Fig. 13, the stylus will be fed toward the operator. By turning thelever D8 into the position shown in strong lines in Fig. 13 and turning the lever F2 to lower the double rack F, so that the rack-teeth f will be engaged with the gearwheel D', the stylus will feed in the opposite direction, the feed movement being effected as at present during the return movement.

1 Bl5 is a carriage introduced under the T- piece B, and equipped with two oppositelyinclined anti-friction rollers, Bl Bm. These are adjusted to press on the correspondinglyinclined surfaces of the way A and relieve the carriage from a great portion ot the friction to which it would otherwise be subject; but it is important not to set these rolls so as to take all the load. The proper steadiness of the stylus c requires that the carriage shall bear directly on the way A with a'portion of vIt may be adjustable in height.

its weight.

I have not deemed it necessary to represent the provisions for holding the plate M. It will be understood that a firm table is employed, of any ordinary or suitable character. I propose to engrave plates of different thicknesses, composed of any ordinary or suitable material. l

x cau, by using a suitable tool adapted to act directly on the material, engrave accuratelyspaced smooth parallel lines on blocks of boxwood or other suitable wood. I can, by the use oi'- a diamond in thc stylus c, engrave lines yon lithographie stone.

I-I7 is a frictionspring secured on the inner face of the adjustable stop H, and exerting a ,changed to various angles by adjusting its holder at a joint, c. (See Fig. 3.) The lever c2 is pivoted to the carriage C at the point c3. The extension of the lever o2 beyond the axis c3 presents a sufficiently broad bearing-surface, c, which receives the cam-shaped lower end of the lever C', (see Figs. l and 3,) which turns on a pivot, c3, carried on the carriage C. The stylus may be raised and lowered 7o by acting on this lever C directly by hand. I provide an arm, c5, on the upper end ofthe lever C', which is received in an inclined slot in a slide, c6, which is lnounted with liberty to slide endwise in the carriage C, all as 75 y shown in Figs. l and 3. Two arms, A8 and A9, are secured in adjustable positions on the back rail or way, A2,by means of thumb-screws A10. At each movement of the carriage B and its connections to the left oneend of the 83 slide c is struck against the stop A8, causing the slide c*5 to move in its keeper on the carriage C in the direction to the right. TheA movement raisesthe arm ci, thereby tilting the upper end of the lever C from the operator and moving the lower end-of the same lever, which is cam-shaped, toward the operator. This movement, by the action of the cam-shaped lower end of the lever C on the bearing-surface c4, depresses that portion of 9o the lever c2 and causes said lever to turn on` the center c, thereby raising the opposite end and the stylus c.- The parts hold this relation to cach other during the whole return movement ot' the carriage B and its connec- 95 ment this time is in the direction to rock the mo lever C in the opposite direction, causing its cani-shaped lower end to liberate the bearing c4. This allows the lever'c'l to rockv by gravity and lower the stylus c down ipto contact with the plate M. position during the whole movement of the carriage B and its connections to the left, which is the effective portion of its movement. The stylus c describes a smooth straight line on the plate during the whole of the movement of the carriage to thc left. At the termination of its movement in this direction the slide c6 again strikes the arm A8, and the stylus c is again lifted, and so on.

The parts remain in this C5 is a folded piece otliard brass or other] 15 in any ofthe several positions in which it 12o may be left by'the action of the slide c, In working by hand this spring serves the same funct-ion, holding the lever O in the right position to hold the stylus up during the return motion, and holding the lever C out of use and allowing the stylus to rest on the plate M during the effective movement.

'CG is a rod carrying a button, C7, which serves in raising and lowering the tool by hand when the machineis by proper changes 13o in the other parts conditioned for engraving by the movement ot' the tool to the right. It is embraced by a clamp, GS, carried on an arm, o8, which is rigidly connected to the lever C. The clamp CS embraces the rod C vI nii, on the lever Nit. This avoids an irregu- With sufficient force to allow a gentle force impressed on the rod C6 to rock the lever C in one direction andthe other. The brakeblock X2 and its connections should be shifted forward or backward on the brake-lever X, according as the roller NVZ and its connections are shifted forward and backward on the lever IV. The brake-block should be kept adjacent to the roller V.

When I am engraving long lines, andthe carriage B and its connect-ions make the cX- treme movement to the left, the end of the arm IB2 and the slotted cross-lever B can move to the left considerably beyond the ends of the ways A A, I provide an arm, A12-to support the parts when in this extreme position. The roller Zf, mounted on the under side of the slotted cross-lever B, runs on the extension A and makes a nearly frictionless support.

B* is a spring inclosed within the principal spring b. Under ordinary conditions a single spring, b, is sufficient to compel the proper movement of the lever E to the right; but whenever, by reason ot' the adjusting ol the pin e to a lower position, or if, for any other reason, it is found that the lever E is too easily shifted over to the left, I engage both springs b and B* on the pin 117. Graduations are `indicated on the face ofthe arm E. This maybe accompanied by designated 'figures or marks. They aid in adjusting t-he height of the block carrying the connection e for the link F. When the stop II is adjusted so as to allow the fullest vibration of the arm E', the adjusting of the pin e up and down in the slot to any given graduation will cause the machine to produce lines of any given fraction of an inch apart.

Vhen the mechanismv is operated for varying the spaces between thelines, I set the block carrying the pin e in its highest position, so that the index or pointer on the block stands at the eXtreme upper end 'of the graduated scale.

N* is a lever, which is important in some conditions when making lines automatically varied. One end is hook-formed and beveled, as shown in Fig. 4. Vhen the carriage B and its connections move to the right, this hook end passes over a pin, a6, on the adjustable stop A, The shoulder ofthe hook moves considerably past this pin. On thc return movement the carriage is moved to the left until this hook strikes the pin a, thusgiving warning to the operator, who has until' this period held up the tool or stylus. Then, when this-position of the parts is attained, the operator lowers the stylus into contact with the plate M, at the samnfel time lifts the hook and allows the stylus to commence to engrave its line. The hook is worked automatically, being engaged by gravity, aided by a spring, n, and disengaged simultaneously by the lowering of the stylus through the pin c, carried on the lever C, which acts on a lateral arm,

larity in the commencement of the lines which would otherwise be likely to occur when the distances between the lines are being changed by the means above described.

I find that there is under some circumstances an objectionable concussion and jarring when the arm E strikes the stop ,B52 I introduce a spring. h2. attached to the stop B3, arranged so that it deadens the force of the slight blow, and yet allows the arm E to come certainly into contact with the stop B at each forward motion ofthe carriage I3.

A is a thu nib-screw, by which the arms A8 i. i may be shifted at their junction with the stops r- 1, I have shown A A standing parallel to each other and extending directly across the path of the stylus. The lines engraved will correspondingly commence and stop and the area covered by the engraved lines will be rectangular; but I can change the position to various other angles by slacking the screw A, with the eifect to induce the starting and stopping ofthe lines correspondingl y.

Modiiications may be made in the forms and proportions ot' the details without sacrifici-ng the advantages or departing from the principles ofthe invention.

Parts of the invention may be used without the whole.

I can, by disconnecting the link or connecting-rodi(7 operate by hand, as tirst described. I can it' any work requires it, carry two or more tools by a single motion of the carriage. I can, by an obvious reversing of the con ditions, engrave by moving the plate in oontact with a stationary cutter or stylus.

I have shown a bracket supporting the Vfarther end ot' the feed screw D. This can bc varied.

By suitable modiiications of this machinery I can engrave on box-wood so as to produce parallel lines at uniform or varying distances thereon the same as on other material. The modifications necessary to adapt this 'to the woodengraving'machines need not be detailed, but will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The principles apply in the same manner.

I claim as my inventionl. The segment B, differentially notched, in combination with a variably-rotating rock- -ing shaft, E, connecting-link F, rackj", and gear-wheel D', as means foroperating the feedscrew controlling the spaces between the lines in an engraving-machine, as herein specied.

2. The movable stop H and locking key or dog H2, in combination with the differentiallynotched segment B, variably-rotating rocking shaft E, connecting-link F, rack f', and gear-wheel D', as means for operating the feedscrew controlling the spaces between the lines in an engraviiig-machine, as herein. specified.

3. In an engraving-machine, the toggle-lever or lifting-link J, in combination with the dog H2, stop H, rocking arm E, and sliding segment I with its inclined ilaneI.and mechana l IOO IIO

ism, substantially as specified, for moving the segment I to a limited extent by a movement 'of the arm E', all substantially as herein specified.

4. In an engraving-n'iachine, the vibrating lever N, connecting-link N2, shaft E, with its arms E Il?, connection F, rack j", and pinion split ring D2, carrying apawl, D, in combination with the feed-wheel D and gear-screw D, and with means, as f', and suitable connections to the arm E', for giving a'variable reversely-rotatiug intermittent motion to D', as herein specified.

6. The doublerack slide F, with its two sets of teeth, f andfg, and means for reciproeating it to variable extents, as specified, in combination with the two pawls D6 and Dl, double ratchet-wheel D, and feed screw D, as herein specified.

7. The levers F2 F3, connecting-link Ff, and means, as F5, for holding them in position, in combination with each other and with the gear-wheel D', feed-screw-D, and means, as F and its connections, foi-inducing reciprocating motions in the rack-franieF,with its two racks 3o ff2, as herein speciiied.

8. In an engraving-machine, the rack-frame F,with its two racks, ffl, and means for reciprocating it to variable extents, in combination with the levers F2 F3, connecting-link F4, and supporting or partially supporting springs F7, as herein specified.

9. In an engraving-machine, the reversible spring F5 and its reversing-studs F6 Fs,in coinbination with the double rack F, with its two sets of ra ck-teeth f f 2,and reciprocating mechanism E and its connections, and with the feedscrew D, and means, as E', for transmitting variable motion, as herein specified.

l0. In an engraving mechanism, thev eXtension-piece B4 on the carriage B, in combination with the notched segment BG b, and its connecting-frame Band with the rocking sh aft E and its connections, adapted to serve substantially as herein specified.

1l. In an engraving-machine the lever K, adjustable motion-piece K and ratchet K4, in conibinationwith the arm E', and means for vibrating the latter to variable extents, and with the notched segment B, sliding toothed segment I, toggle or liftinglink J, dog I-I. and adjustable stop H, arranged for joint operation as herein specified.

l2. In an engraving-machine,the carriage B, operating-lever V, turning on an adjustable center, w, roller W2, and slotted swing-bar B, pivoted on an arm, B, from the carriage B, in

' combination with each other and with a link,

Q, variably-oscillating shaft E, with its arms E E, and connections therefrom to the feedscrew D, arranged to give by the Vibration of W both the reciprocating motion of the carriage and the variable feed motion of thetool, as herein specied.

'13. In an engraving-niacinne, the combination, with thereciprocating carriage B, vibrating arm Ff, and means, as VV' and its connections, for giving a reciprocating motion to .said carriage, ofthe screw D, having variable feed motion, as herein specified.

14. In an engraving-machine, `the double stop A, in combination with the reciprocating carriage B and lever N, as herein specified.

15. In an engraving-machine, the continuously-'rotated shaft Z, carrying a crank-pin, Z8, in combination with the connecting-rod of adjustable length, as shown, and with the lever XV and suitably-connected mechanism. as shown, for reciprocating the carriage B and raising and lowering the stylus and effecttied.

16. The longitudinalhook-lever G, carried on the carriage B, in combination with the adjustable rod carried on the carriage C, and with the lever V and its connections, arranged to stop the action so soon as the engraving has specified.

17. In an engraving-machine actuated by power, the obliquely-slotted slide c, carried on the carriage C, in combination with the transverse adjustable arms or stops Afs A9, the lever C', and suitable connections, c2 o, to stylus c, arranged to effect the raising and lowering of the latter at the proper period, as herein specified.`

418. In an engraving-machine, the brakeblock X2, carried on the lever Xand arranged to serve with the lever W and it-s connections for aiding to arrest the motion of the stylus and its carrying parts, as herein specied.

19. In an engraving-machine, the pair of seini-'nuts,-in combination with the carriage B C and feed-screw D, arranged to serve as herein specified.

20. In an engraving-machine, the carriage B and extension B', in combination `with the feed-screw D and meansfor operating it, the carriage C and stylus c, and a pairv of seminuts, L L, capable of being connected and disconnected at will, as herein specified.

2l. In an engraving-machine, a pair of seminuts, L L, yoperatiing-levers T T, and links T T to a single operating part. T2, in combination with an adjustable return-arm connected to Aone of the said links, arranged to allow the positions and motions of the semi-nuts to be varied, as herein specified.

22. In an engraving-machine, the rollers B16 B1G and carriage B15, in combinationwith the way A and carriage B, to relieve the carriage cfa portion of the friction, while leaving a suiiicient direct bearing to maintain steadiness, as herein specified.

23. In an engraving-machine as described, l the combination, with the carriage, the lever ing the feed movement of the carriage C and I its attachments, substantially as herein speciprogressed tothe required distance, as herein- IIO N, and stops A, of the cushioning-spring, as N', adapted to soften the concussion, while not disturbing the certainty of the action of the stop, as herein specified.

24. In an engraving-machine, the frictionspring H7, in combination with the are B, carried on the main carriage, and with the stop H and arc H', and mechanism, as shown, for

`automatically shifting the latter, as herein certainty at the point to commence the lines uniformly, as herein specified.

27. In an engraving-machine, the lever C', clamp CS, and operating-rod C5, in combination with the carriage B G, and mechanism, as shown, for allowing the tool-lifting to be properly ei'ected for right-hand Worliing, as herein specified.

28. In an engraving-machine, the supporting roller or wheel 5*, in ycombination with the lever B3 and its connections to the carriage B and with the framing A, having an extension,l A, adapted to serve as a track for said wheel, as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at New York city, N. Y., this Lith day of September, 1884, in the presence 0f two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD IV. BENTLEY.

Witnesses:

CHARM-3s R. SEARLE, M. F. BoYLE. 

